dung thứ
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Verb: - To excuse; to pardon; to forgive: To show leniency or tolerance towards someone's mistake, fault, or offense, choosing not to punish or blame them. It implies a generous and forgiving nature.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Xin hãy dung thứ cho sự bất cẩn của tôi. (Please excuse my carelessness.)
- Ông ấy đã rộng lượng dung thứ cho lỗi lầm của nhân viên. (He generously pardoned his employee's mistake.)
- Lòng khoan dung là biết dung thứ người khác. (Mercy is knowing how to forgive others.)
Advanced Usage
- "dung thứ cho": This is the most common construction, meaning "to pardon/excuse/forgive (someone or something)." It is used with the preposition "cho."
- Chúng tôi kính mong ngài dung thứ cho những thiếu sót. (We respectfully beg your pardon for the shortcomings.)
Variants and Related Words
- Dung (容 - verb/adjective): To tolerate, to contain, to allow. This is the root character meaning "to contain" or "appearance," contributing to the concept of tolerance.
- Thứ (恕 - verb): To forgive, to pardon. This is the root character specifically meaning "to forgive."
- Tha thứ (verb): To forgive, to pardon. A close synonym, often used interchangeably with "dung thứ," though "tha thứ" can sometimes emphasize the act of forgiveness itself.
- Khoan dung (adjective/verb): Tolerant, magnanimous; to be tolerant. Describes the forgiving character or the act of tolerating.
- Độ lượng (adjective): Magnanimous, generous. Describes a forgiving and tolerant character.
Synonyms
- Tha thứ: to forgive, to pardon.
- Tha lỗi: to forgive a fault.
- Bỏ qua: to let it pass, to overlook.
- Miễn thứ (formal/literary): to exempt from blame, to pardon.
Notes on Meaning and Usage
- Formality and Nuance: "Dung thứ" is a formal and literary term, often found in written Vietnamese, formal speeches, or respectful requests. It carries a connotation of noble leniency and magnanimity.
- Combined Meaning: The word is a compound of "dung" (tolerate) and "thứ" (forgive). Therefore, its meaning encompasses both tolerance and active forgiveness.
- Common Contexts: It is frequently used in appeals, apologies, or discussions about morality and virtue. It is less common in casual, everyday speech where "tha thứ" or "bỏ qua" might be used.